Technical Introduction of M⁺FLO-MAP/HAP/ViViFeⅡ Method:

Phosphorus is a typical pollutant in water bodies and also a valuable resource. The treatment of phosphorus in wastewater and its resource recovery have gained increasing global attention, with European countries enacting legislation to set standards for phosphorus recovery rates in wastewater treatment plants. The European Environmental Agency recommends three technical processes for phosphorus recovery from wastewater: MAP (Magnesium Ammonium Phosphate), HAP (Hydroxyapatite), and ViViFeⅡ (Vivianite) methods.

MAP Method (Magnesium-based Phosphorus and Ammonia Removal):

Chemical reaction: HPO?2? + NH?? + Mg2? + 6H?O = MgNH?PO?·6H?O↓ + H?.

MgNH?PO?·6H?O (MAP) is a crystalline, water-insoluble compound (Ksp = 2.5 × 10?13) with high value as a slow-release phosphorus fertilizer.

HAP Method (Calcium-based Phosphorus Removal):

Chemical reaction: 3HPO?2? + 5Ca2? + 4OH? = Ca?OH(PO?)?↓ + 3H?O.

Ca?OH(PO?)? (HAP) is a crystalline, water-insoluble compound (Ksp = 2.35 × 10???) and is classified as high-grade phosphorus ore (rich in P?O? > 30%).

ViViFeⅡ Method (Iron-based Phosphorus Removal):

Chemical reaction: 2HPO?2? + 3Fe2? + 8H?O = Fe?(PO?)?·8H?O↓ + 2H?.

Fe?(PO?)?·8H?O (Vivianite) is a crystalline, water-insoluble compound (Ksp = 10?3?) and is a high-value iron phosphate mineral (P?O? > 28%).

The fluidized crystallization process of MAP/HAP/ViViFeⅡ methods combines chemical industry fluidized bed reactor technology. By adding harmless and cost-effective magnesium, calcium, or iron agents to high-phosphorus wastewater, phosphorus crystals are precipitated and separated, achieving both wastewater purification and phosphorus recovery.

The M+FLO-MAP/HAP/ViViFeⅡ system integrates M+FLO high-efficiency magnetic flocculation with European MAP/HAP/ViViFeⅡ fluidized crystallization phosphorus recovery technology. This upgraded system not only significantly improves treatment efficiency and recovery rates but also meets stringent phosphorus removal standards (TP < 0.1 mg/L), which traditional MAP methods cannot achieve.

This technology is widely recommended for municipal wastewater treatment plants, food processing, livestock slaughtering, phosphorus chemical industries, and pesticide wastewater treatment due to its simplicity, low operational costs, and high efficiency.  

High-phosphorus wastewater is introduced into the MAP/HAP/ViViFeⅡ high-recycling fluidized crystallization reactor, where magnesium/calcium agents or ferrous compounds are added under controlled reaction parameters. This process efficiently generates precipitate particles, enhancing coagulation/crystallization and promoting rapid growth (with controllable particle size). The treated water then flows into the M⁺FLO high-efficiency magnetic flocculation water purification system for sedimentation and clarification. The effluent meets stringent phosphorus removal standards, and the resulting sediment, after dehydration and drying, is recovered as a phosphorus resource—MAP slow-release phosphorus fertilizer, HAP, or ViViFeⅡ phosphorus minerals.

Technical Performance and Advantages of the M⁺FLO-MAP/HAP/ViViFeⅡ Method:

1.High Efficiency & Deep Phosphorus Removal/P Recovery: The effluent satisfies the standards of TP < 0.1 mg/L, suspended solids SS < 5.0 mg/L, and turbidity < 1.0 NTU.

2.TTmix Turbine/Draft Tube High-Recycling Enhancement: The MAP/HAP/ViViFeⅡ crystallization reactor (equipped with an aeration system to strip CO? and raise pH as needed) strengthens coagulation/crystallization and accelerates particle growth (with controllable size).

3.Simultaneous Phosphorus & Ammonia Nitrogen Removal: The M+FLO-MAP method significantly reduces ammonia nitrogen load, thereby minimizing the need for additional carbon sources in denitrification processes.

4.Superiority Over Existing Technologies: Compared to North America's Pearl, Japan's PHOSNiX, Europe's Phostrip, and Crystalactor, this method offers higher treatment efficiency, deeper phosphorus removal, and advantages such as lower investment, reduced operational costs, and PLC-based intelligent automatic control.

Typical Applications of the M⁺FLO-MAP/HAP/ViViFeⅡ Method:

1.Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants: Treatment of high-phosphorus wastewater from anaerobic digestion liquor, dewatering filtrate, or anaerobic tank side streams for phosphorus removal and recovery.

2.Industrial Wastewater: Phosphorus removal and recovery from high-phosphorus wastewater generated in plant/grain processing, fermentation (e.g., pharmaceuticals, brewing, starch), and livestock slaughtering.

3.Phosphate-Related Industries: Phosphorus removal and recovery from industrial wastewater in phosphate mining, phosphate chemical processing, metal surface treatment, and phosphorus pesticide production.

Case Study: Ningxia Duowei Group Bio-Pharmaceutical High-Phosphorus Organic Wastewater

Treatment Capacity: 6,000 m3/day

Initial Parameters: TP = 170 mg/L, NH?-N = 130 mg/L, COD = 6,300 mg/L

Original Process: Direct pumping of raw water from the regulating tank to anaerobic biochemical treatment, resulting in high energy consumption and phosphorus exceedance due to excessive nitrogen and phosphorus removal loads.

Optimized Solution: Addition of the M⁺FLO-MAP method for simultaneous phosphorus and ammonia nitrogen removal as a pretreatment step before anaerobic biochemical treatment. This chemical phosphorus removal significantly reduced the subsequent biochemical treatment load, achieving a TP removal rate of 95% and an NH?-N removal rate of 63%.

Appendix: M⁺FLO Magnetic Flocculation & Chemical Process Water Purification System - Typical Contaminant Removal